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<p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">屯堡信仰</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">——</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">屯堡人的精神世界</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><p /></span></p><p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">屯堡人具有极其浓厚的宗教意识，信奉佛教、道教，各村寨均建有寺庙，寺庙内佛道各教无严格区别，有的地方还与民间俗神结合成诸教合一的宗教活动场所。屯堡人家的堂屋中，都设有神龛，在中间供着</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">天地君亲师</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">的神牌，两旁的</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">神讳</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">则是儒、释、道、神齐备。儒有孔夫子、孟夫子；释有释迦牟尼、观世音；道有老子、张三丰、玉皇大帝；神有关帝、岳圣、汪公、牛马二王。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">屯堡人家彰显忠义，敬重历史上的关羽、秦叔宝、尉迟恭、程咬金、赵云、马超等著名武将，顶礼膜拜为英雄，往往张挂他们为门神。每年<chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="True" day="4" month="3" year="2007">农历正月十五</chsdate>和七月十五，所有的已婚妇女都要到寺庙去，求神拜佛，祈祷风调雨顺，五谷丰登，人丁兴旺，出入平安。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">屯堡的宗教活动主要有<chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="True" day="26" month="2" year="2007">正月初九</chsdate>的玉皇会，<chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="True" day="5" month="3" year="2007">正月十六</chsdate>迎汪公，<chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="True" day="19" month="7" year="2007">六月初六</chsdate>土地会，六月二十四敬雷神，等等。这些活动中，以迎汪公最具屯堡特色。传说汪公原名汪华，安徽歙州休宁人，隋朝时任徽州地方官，在本郡称王十余年，唐高祖武德四年（</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">621</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">）九月率部降唐，被封为越国公，随唐太宗李世民</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">征战有功，死后追封为徽州府越国公忠烈汪王，遗骨归葬于歙州城北岚山之上。据明嘉靖《徽州府志》记载，当时徽州较大的汪公庙就有</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">26</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">所。由于屯堡人祖先有人来自安徽，这个故事也被带入屯堡人的生活中。汪公之所以被屯堡人奉为祖先神，显然因为他出身江南，是一位战功卓著的英雄，其经历与屯堡先祖南征屯军极其相似，于是被屯堡人作为屯田戍边的楷模来信奉，并以同为汪公后代的意识来团结客居他乡的屯堡后裔。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">历经六百多年的沧桑巨变，屯堡人依旧沿袭传统的江南生活习俗，在长顺至安顺一带耕耘劳作、繁衍生息，过着世代为农的田园生活。他们采用先进的江南农耕技术和耕作工具，创造了屯田戍边的辉煌历史，推动了贵州乃至西部边疆的开发，促进了民族文化的融合与交流，造就了独特的地域文明</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">——</span><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">屯堡文化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p> |
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发表于 2007-6-6 18:05:42
发表于 2008-2-29 20:56:20
