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先祖汪世贤(82世)出生地考证:江南徽州府休宁县忠秀乡怀义里凤湖坊=安徽省休宁县

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发表于 2011-12-18 16:20:53 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<p /><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; TEXT-INDENT: 0&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: &#46;07" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">江南徽州府休宁县忠秀乡怀义里凤湖坊=安徽省休宁县海阳镇川湖村</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;57" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">引子:我河南商城汪氏(孝义堂),宗谱记载,源自休宁西门。约明朝弘治年间由休宁西门迁移至河南商城西门。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">根据我支</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">82</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">世祖世贤公(汪世贤)的墓碑记载。其出生地为:休宁西门社下:江南徽州府休宁县忠秀乡怀义里凤湖坊。现在对该地址考证如下:</span></font></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">一:休宁县和现今的休宁县对应:该地名一致性,是大家公认的,无需再次多言。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">二:“忠秀乡”实为“忠孝乡”:“忠秀乡”这三个字来自于对墓碑的残文识别。但是因为墓碑历经久远,字迹残缺且模糊不清。可能系现场识别的误识,把“忠孝乡”,误认为“忠秀乡”。理由有两个:第一:休宁县在历史上没有忠秀乡,只有忠孝乡。(根据宋代《新安县志》休宁县:其乡十一,其里六十。<span style="COLOR: blue">忠孝乡在县西南,其里:孝芝、宣仁、怀义、孝义</span>。安乐乡在县东,其里:安乐、和孝、嘉福、吴田、长汀、积善。良安乡在县北,其里:闲田、安乐、群贤、移风、还珠。吉阳乡在县西,其里:兴善、大和、松溪、鼓腹、永和。履仁相在县西,其里:永康、太平、仁义、仁德、回溪。黎阳乡在县南,其里:新行、依仁、合阳、信安、怀仁。游山乡在县南,其里:方潭、同化、重信、嘉禾、忠义。和睦乡在县南,其里:方溪、兴教、轻财、富义、长乐、太清。嘉善乡在县南,其里:奉正、睦亲、绍圣、从善、永丰。千秋乡在县南,其里:千秋、江津、仙凫、回口、中平、通里、永庆、和化、承端。虞芮乡在县西,其里:常乐、靖安、趋化、新析淳义))。第二个理由为:我支堂号为“孝义堂”,“孝”、“义”两字的来源应该是和世贤公的出生地“忠孝乡、怀义里”有关。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">忠孝乡,在休宁西南,和“休宁西门”的来源,应该也是一致的(休宁西门的来源考证,待续)。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">三:怀义里:“里”,是宋、元、明、清时期,在江南徽州等地设置的乡里制、村社制,编制里甲的一个名称。依次为:县、乡、里(都)、都保、保。那么怀义,就是一个“里”。该点在宋代《新安县志》、《海阳都谱》(又名《休宁县都图地名字号便览》)、万历、康熙《休宁县志》中都有记载。详情请参照后面的出处备注。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">目前,怀义里,和海阳镇,或者海阳镇下属的村的对应关系,还没有考证清楚。下文中海阳镇的论述,主要是通过凤湖的考证,间接考证的。</font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">四:海阳镇:镇名。</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://app&#46;qqywf&#46;com/store&#46;html?type=view&url=baike&#46;soso&#46;com/ShowTitle&#46;e?sp=S%E4%BC%91%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">休宁县</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">治所在地。镇域面积</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">132</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">平方公里,辖</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">个社区</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">17</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">个行政村,总人口</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4&#46;9</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">万人。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">258</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">280</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年休宁县称海阳县,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1939</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年设镇,<span style="COLOR: blue">遂以旧县名命名</span>。海阳镇背倚</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_294643&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">松萝</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">山、<span style="COLOR: blue">凤凰山</span>、</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1780687&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">白鹤山</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、玉几山,众山环绕,夹溪水、横江水穿绕而过。夹溪桥横跨夹溪水上,桥西北有凤山,西有<span style="COLOR: blue">凤湖</span>,古有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">&quot;</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">夜柳有湖传彩凤,夹溪</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1486237&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">如花</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">卧长虹</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">&quot;</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的诗句。城东南隅白鹤山腰,两小山之间一汛清泉,用红砂石砌成方形井圈,水清味甘。清人汪紫沧有诗赞曰:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">&quot;</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">雪魄暗翻凉入梦,冰满瓮贮清如空/号称城中第一泉,至今保存完好。海阳一直为休宁县政治、经济、文化中心,明代文学家</span><span style="COLOR: blue" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1696700&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">程敏政</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、出版家</span><span style="COLOR: blue" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_7412906&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">胡正言</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、医学家<span style="COLOR: blue">汪昂</span>,近代著名</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_93650&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">徽商</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: blue; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">汪宽</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">也、<span style="COLOR: blue">程敦裕</span>等均出生于此。城内</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1283475&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">徽派</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">古建筑众多,西街早在明末就是</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_452182&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">商业中心</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,如今绝大部分店面仍保留徽派古建筑特色。</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_605754&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">县前街</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">钟鼓楼原为读楼,现为休宁县重点</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_190932&#46;html" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">文物保护单位</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span></font></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">五:凤湖坊:凤湖,在<u>休宁县</u>城西凤凰山下、白鹤溪与夹源水汇合处,湖边栽满了柳树。春夏佳日,柳丝轻拂,微风送爽,碧波荡漾,景色醉人。每当晨曦初露,曙光高照,湖面雾气霭霭,若云若烟,团团新绿与几顷波光相衬相映,更显得清幽秀雅。据说,明代休宁上资人、崇祯十六年进士<span style="COLOR: blue">汪姬生</span>,曾为湖广黄州府推官,晚年送友人至凤湖,看到此情此景,触景生情,染翰挥毫,题诗一首云:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">春光摇曳斗城西,老眼低回望转迷。树底不逢青雀过,湖头偏听紫骝嘶。雨垂荫边村舍隐,风起晴毕与寺齐。欲折一枝聊赠别,依依愁绪挂前溪。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">凤湖烟柳从此一名天下,成为远近皆知的海阳八景之一的。凤湖现叫川湖。</span></font></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">根据上述考证,初步推断,我先祖</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">82</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">世汪世贤的出生地:江南徽州府休宁县忠秀乡怀义里凤湖坊,对应现今的地址为:安徽省休宁县海阳镇川湖村一带。具体地址待考。</span></font></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">当然,鉴于时间匆忙和学识有限,考证中难免错误或者武断。欢迎饱学之士拍砖指正。</font></span></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">                                              </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">汪俊宇,</span><chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="18" month="12" year="2011"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2011</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">日</span></chsdate><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">于北京</span></font></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p>
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-12-18 16:21:39 | 显示全部楼层
<p style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">附:</font></span></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">考证中参考的文档和出处,如下所示:</font></span></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">一、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">考证一:万历《休宁县志》载:</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">洪武十九年丙寅,县均徭役,置十二乡,每乡设长一人。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">36</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕这段记载和前引刘三吾《休宁县知县周德成墓志铭》所言休宁县洪武</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">十有九年始设粮长</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">有什么关系,是偶然的巧合,还是有必然的联系呢?《明史》说:</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">粮长者,太祖时令田多者为之,督其乡赋税。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">37</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕这里把粮长和乡联系了起来,说明粮长和乡的建置有某种关系。据王圻《续文献通考》载,粮长之设是与区有关,所谓</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">随其税粮多寡,分为几区,区定粮长四人</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">38</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。这里所说的区,乃一定的区域,而不是一级行政建制,在多数情况下是与乡的行政区域相重合。如徽州府绩溪县,元代置</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">10</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">乡,明初</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">省良安、上、下三乡,并置七乡,十五都</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">39</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">坊、乡编为七区,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">……</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">每区额编(粮长)一正二副</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">40</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。文中虽坊、乡分列,但坊亦辖于乡。如绩溪仁慈乡,辖坊市、一都、九都〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">41</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。<span style=\"COLOR: blue\">休宁忠孝乡辖东南隅、西南隅、东北隅、西北隅、一都〔</span></span><span style=\"COLOR: blue\" lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">42</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: blue; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">。在这里,乡即区,区设粮长,即乡设粮长。乡之下设都。明代徽州人汪道昆说,休宁县</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">邑二百有十里,里为图,图有正,则以驯谨者一人职之。小事从隅、都质成,大事专达。郭以内,合一里而各为隅,隅有四。其外人二百里而各为都,都三十有三。隅正治隅,都正治都。小事则稽于众而决其成,大事专达。然必择可而使,务得端靖长厚者一人职之</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">48</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。这里把隅和都以及它们和所辖图的关系讲得很清楚。汪道昆所言,是指清丈土地中的都正和图正。都正还有别的职责。汪道昆在《岁政记》中写道:</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">自今都置一簿,都正职之。都内闾左若而人品有几,闾右若而人品有几,右之右者,差母钱为等,钱百万者输二缗,推毂多畜善贾者一人为之宰,鸠而聚,宰齐而贾四方。不惮高价修涂,务在济急。归里社,最下者@</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">④</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">如初。下者振之无所问,中下则贷之粟,秋成则宰征之。出陈易新,以为岁备。其出入则都为政,官不预闻,此不世之利也。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">49</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕这是记丁应泰为县令时救荒赈灾之事,要都正了解都内生活困难和富裕的人户情况和数量,依一定比例差派最富裕之家出钱,以最富庶而又善做生意之人负责,到外地购买粮食,运回本都,依困难人户缺食情况或赠送,或赈济,或借贷。待秋成,收其贷粟以备荒。此事由各都主持,官府不管。说明都作为一级行政机构是很重要的。</span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">二、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">明朝建国之后,即参照宋代的乡里制、元代的村社制,编制里甲,重建地方行政组织。在徽州,宋代县下置乡,乡辖里。如歙县宋时置</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">16</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">乡,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">80</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">里〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。宋以</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">等编制乡户,即所谓</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">视赀产多寡置籍,分为五则</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">4</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">以第一等户为里正,第二等户为户长</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">里正主督租赋</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">6</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。另外还有都保设置,即</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">25</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保,每</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">10</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保即</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">250</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">都保,</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">设保长和都保正及副保正〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">7</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。因村落大小和自然环境,有的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保亦设保长,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保亦设都保正;有的不到</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保、</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">保的,附于附近都保或均之于附近都保。在州县坊郭设甲,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">相邻户三二十家排比成甲,迭为甲头,督输税赋苗役</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">8</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕。都保和里是什么关系呢?以歙县为例,</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">南宋绍兴经界前户数为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">44530</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">9</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕,每里平均为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">556&#46;625</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户。</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">去掉县城坊郭甲户和附、均之保的户数,大约</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">里平均辖两个都保。南宋绍兴经界后户数为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">22710</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户〔</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">10</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">〕,每里平均为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">283&#46;875</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">户,去掉县城坊郭甲户和附、</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">均之保的户数,大约</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">里辖</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">个都保。这为元、明初改宋代的里为都打下基础。在建制上,宋代的乡村乃县下设乡,乡下设里,里下设都保,都保下设保。在坊郭另有甲之设,即延至元明的厢隅之设置。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">    </font></span></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">元代沿宋之旧,只是改里为都。如祁门县,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">宋置七乡二十三里</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">元并仙桂上下为一乡,省遐岭</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">置六乡二十二都</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">三、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">《宋代新安县志》休宁县:其乡十一,其里六十。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">忠孝乡在县西南,其里:孝芝、宣仁、怀义、孝义。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">安乐乡在县东,其里:安乐、和孝、嘉福、吴田、长汀、积善。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">良安乡在县北,其里:闲田、安乐、群贤、移风、还珠。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">吉阳乡在县西,其里:兴善、大和、松溪、鼓腹、永和。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">履仁相在县西,其里:永康、太平、仁义、仁德、回溪。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">黎阳乡在县南,其里:新行、依仁、合阳、信安、怀仁。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">游山乡在县南,其里:方潭、同化、重信、嘉禾、忠义。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">和睦乡在县南,其里:方溪、兴教、轻财、富义、长乐、太清。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">嘉善乡在县南,其里:奉正、睦亲、绍圣、从善、永丰。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">千秋乡在县南,其里:千秋、江津、仙凫、回口、中平、通里、永庆、和化、承端。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">虞芮乡在县西,其里:常乐、靖安、趋化、新析淳义</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">城社</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">县城九里三十步,其坊五:海宁、画锦、宣化、惠化、永宁。</font></span></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">四、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">道光《徽州府志》</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">修志源流</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">称朱同所修之《新安志》为《新安府志》,故两者应为同一部书。而同一时期的徽州方志中称《新安府志》的也应该是指朱同之《新安志》。</span></font><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\">朱同《新安志》原书已经散佚,如能加以辑佚,尽量恢复其原始面貌是文献工作的重要内容。《永乐大典方志辑佚》在这方面已取得了显著的成绩。笔者在阅读道光《休宁县志》时发现了两条来自于《新安府志》的记载,而这两条又未被《辑佚》一书所收录,故摘录如下,以为辑补。</font></span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /><font size=\"3\" face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">.(元)吴讷,字克敏,忠孝乡人,父礼至正末为廉州推官,濒海邻郡兵起,礼独署事团练、义卒,保障一州,以功升钦州总管,海南海北道元帅,守钦州十年卒,讷不便于言,而岁才略倜傥,不肯下人,从父收五溪洞蛮学兵法,习骑射,至正末蕲黄盗破徽州,待制郑玉、前进士要维祯荐其才于浙省,授建德路判官,兼义兵万户,与元帅李克鲁会诸军于昱岭关,复徽州,维祯以文送之,勉以张睢阳,事岁丁酉明兵临郡,元帅邓愈、胡大海等自绩溪进兵徽州,守将八思尔不花及讷拒战,为大海所败,讷与元帅阿鲁辉退屯遂安,札溪源巡逻至界道白际岭,复与大海遇,战败不屈,自刎死,时年二十七,讷诗豪迈不羁,与维祯相出入,有集五卷。新安文献志引新安府志</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">。</span></font><span lang=\"EN-US\"><br /><font size=\"3\" face=\"Times New Roman\">2</font></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">.(元)孙嵩,字元京野山人,以荐入太学,宋凶归隐海宁山中,自号艮山,示不复仕,杜门赋詠,凄断沦绝,以寄其没世无涯之悲,时婺源有制幹许月卿先生者,亦宋进士,宋凶归隐制齐衰服之月,卿婿江凯及婺源人汪炎昶皆绝意当世,从嵩游,方回得嵩诗叹曰:持此以见朱文公可无愧矣。嵩弟岩字次皋,亦以诗名。新安府志</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">。</span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">五、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">凤湖在<u>休宁县</u>城西凤凰山下、白鹤溪与夹源水汇合处,湖边栽满了柳树。春夏佳日,柳丝轻拂,微风送爽,碧波荡漾,景色醉人。每当晨曦初露,曙光高照,湖面雾气霭霭,若云若烟,团团新绿与几顷波光相衬相映,更显得清幽秀雅。据说,明代休宁上资人、崇祯十六年进士汪姬生,曾为湖广黄州府推官,晚年送友人至凤湖,看到此情此景,触景生情,染翰挥毫,题诗一首云:</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">春光摇曳斗城西,老眼低回望转迷。树底不逢青雀过,湖头偏听紫骝嘶。雨垂荫边村舍隐,风起晴毕与寺齐。欲折一枝聊赠别,依依愁绪挂前溪。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">凤湖烟柳从此一名天下,成为远近皆知的海阳八景之一的。。凤湖现叫川湖</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">就在休宁县城边上</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">已算是县城内了</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">很好找</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">来休宁县城就是了</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">外霞滩</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,还是这个叫法</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&#46;&#46;&#46;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">川湖村,现在属于休宁县海阳镇</span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">六、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">海阳镇夹溪桥:俗称东夹溪桥。位于县城西门外。明嘉靖四年</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (1525) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">休宁知县李升举荐邑人程一募建。建桥之初,民工深挖桥基,曾于第三个桥墩下挖出一块石碑,石碑上刻有</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">石砌千秋桥,李候万古标;夹溪连内翰,西北出翰林</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">四句诗。嘉靖六年</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (1527) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">桥成后,桥正中建亭,以石碑诗意额</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">千秋</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">二字,故又名千秋桥。桥为</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 10 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">墩</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 11 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">孔石拱结构,桥墩船形,桥面铺青石板</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 237 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">块,长</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><chmetcnv w:st=\"on\" tcsc=\"0\" numbertype=\"1\" negative=\"False\" hasspace=\"True\" sourcevalue=\"189\" unitname=\"米\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">189 </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">米</span></span></chmetcnv><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\">,宽</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><chmetcnv w:st=\"on\" tcsc=\"0\" numbertype=\"1\" negative=\"False\" hasspace=\"True\" sourcevalue=\"6&#46;6\" unitname=\"米\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">6&#46;6 </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">米</span></span></chmetcnv><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\">,两边石栏高近</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><chmetcnv w:st=\"on\" tcsc=\"0\" numbertype=\"1\" negative=\"False\" hasspace=\"True\" sourcevalue=\"1\" unitname=\"米\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1 </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">米</span></span></chmetcnv><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\">,桥上有亭、庙、坊等,古朴雄伟,是休宁县最大的一座古石拱桥。明崇祯元年</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (1628) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">重修,清代、民国年间曾多次修缮。民国</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 23 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">年</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (1934) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">拆除桥上亭、庙、坊等建筑物,改为公路桥,成为屯</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> ( </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">溪</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> ) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">景</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> ( </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">德镇</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> ) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">公路交通要道。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 1978 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">年在桥北另建钢筋水泥公路桥,公路改道后,此桥仅供人行;</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> 1990 </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">年县人民政府曾拨款维修,现桥身完好。</span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">七、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">海阳镇是休宁县政治、经济和文化的中心,距黄山风景区</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><chmetcnv w:st=\"on\" tcsc=\"0\" numbertype=\"1\" negative=\"False\" hasspace=\"True\" sourcevalue=\"48\" unitname=\"公里\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">48 </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">公里</span></span></chmetcnv><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\">,距黄山机场</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font><chmetcnv w:st=\"on\" tcsc=\"0\" numbertype=\"1\" negative=\"False\" hasspace=\"True\" sourcevalue=\"20\" unitname=\"公里\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">20 </font><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">公里</span></span></chmetcnv><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\">,屯景公路、皖赣铁路横穿镇北,四通八达的县乡公路沟通了县城与各乡镇的联系。早在东汉建安十三年</span><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (208) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,海阳镇西北部的凤凰山即为县治驻地;宋时筑城,历史上又叫海阳城;从唐天宝九年</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> (750) </font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">至今,海阳镇一直是县治所在地。海阳镇地势开阔,沃野千顷,自然景色绚丽多姿,松萝山、玉几山群群竞秀,横江水、夹溪河绿水环抱,旧时颇负盛名的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">海阳八景</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,本埠即占其四。独特的自然景观为海阳镇增添了魅力,而悠长的文化积淀则又给古镇蒙上一层儒雅的方巾。古城墙、护城河陈迹仍在,休阳故址、钟鼓楼古风犹存;城西老街粉墙幽型如迷宫,两侧店铺鳞次栉比恍若隔世;夹溪河上三桥横跨如</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">“</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">三虹卧波</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">”</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,古塔古桥古水井令人思古幽情油然而生。唐时县治宋时城,悠悠岁月古城情,古雅瑰丽的海阳城正张开热情的双臂,笑迎天下宾客来这里一睹古城风采。</span></font></p><p style=\"TEXT-INDENT: -20&#46;25pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36&#46;75pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36&#46;75pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><font size=\"3\">八、</font><span style=\"FONT: 7pt \'Times New Roman\'\">   </span></font></span></span><font size=\"3\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">海阳镇,镇名。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://app&#46;qqywf&#46;com/store&#46;html?type=view&url=baike&#46;soso&#46;com/ShowTitle&#46;e?sp=S%E4%BC%91%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">休宁县</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">治所在地。镇域面积</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">132</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">平方公里,辖</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">4</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">个社区</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">17</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">个行政村,总人口</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">4&#46;9</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">万人。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">258</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">一</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">280</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">年休宁县称海阳县,</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1939</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">年设镇,遂以旧县名命名。海阳镇背倚</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_294643&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">松萝</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">山、凤凰山、</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1780687&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">白鹤山</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">、玉几山,众山环绕,夹溪水、横江水穿绕而过。夹溪桥横跨夹溪水上,桥西北有凤山,西有凤湖,古有</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&quot;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">夜柳有湖传彩凤,夹溪</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1486237&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">如花</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">卧长虹</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&quot;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">的诗句。城东南隅白鹤山腰,两小山之间一汛清泉,用红砂石砌成方形井圈,水清味甘。清人汪紫沧有诗赞曰:</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">&quot;</font></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">雪魄暗翻凉入梦,冰满瓮贮清如空/号称城中第一泉,至今保存完好。海阳一直为休宁县政治、经济、文化中心,明代文学家</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1696700&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">程敏政</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">、出版家</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_7412906&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">胡正言</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">、医学家汪昂,近代著名</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_93650&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">徽商</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">汪宽也、程敦裕等均出生于此。城内</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_1283475&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">徽派</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">古建筑众多,西街早在明末就是</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_452182&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">商业中心</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">,如今绝大部分店面仍保留徽派古建筑特色。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_605754&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">县前街</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">钟鼓楼原为读楼,现为休宁县重点</span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http://www&#46;qqywf&#46;com/view/b_190932&#46;html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">文物保护单位</span></span></a></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">。</span></font></p>
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